tirsdag 12. april 2016

Human Rights

2a
One important global challenge is human rights violations. The pictures below illustrate the ideas behind some of the articles in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which are given in the captions.
Choose any three of the pictures. Write a text in which you reflect on the importance of the human rights issues raised by the pictures you have chosen and discuss what the message of each picture is and how effectively it conveys this message.




Human rights are fundamental rights of every human being, regardless of race, gender, religion or other status. It is about the right to have a life; security, freedom from torture, right to privacy, protection against discrimination, freedom of religion, freedom of expression, the right to work, health and welfare are just some of the rights. Different parts of the world have different views on human rights. This means that some have several human rights while others have few. In this text, I will talk about three different types of human rights. The right of conscience, religion and freedom of thought, the right of education and the right to protection from slavery and servitude.




Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion. This means you have the freedom to change religion or belief and be able to express your culture privately and in public.


This picture shows a group of people from Hong Kong demonstrating to support Edward Snowden, and demanding the government to let him go. Edward Snowden released many classified documents to show the people, when he worked for the NSA. The people in the picture have posters with words they want to convey. This is an example of the right to say what you stand for. The picture conveys its message, but I think it would have gained a greater impression if one saw more face expressions on the demonstrators.  
Everyone have their own thoughts and beliefs, but in some parts of the world it is punishable to say your what you stand for. In Singapore and Ukraine it is actually illegal to hold protests and demonstrations! In 2005 two young men from Iran, were hanged because they were gay, each year many, especially women, are stoned to death and many others are killed because they say or do something that goes against their ruler. These are all extreme breaches on the human rights, but luckily, there are several organisations and individuals working to put an end to it.




Everyone has the right to education; yet, millions do not get the opportunity to educate themselves. This results in poverty for many and it has become one of the largest battles in the world, especially for girls and women.


I will say that this image delivers its message. Children reading and writing are a normal sight for us, but for many the reality is that they do not have or get an education. Many can’t even read or write. The world would have been a better place if children got a stable education from early stages of their lifes. Like Malala said "the pen is mightier than the sword!" Large parts of the world are suffering from lack of education. The condition in Sub-Saharan Africa is critical, the numbers of children without education is higher than any other place.





No one shall be held in slavery or servitude. This is also a human right, and one of the big problems around the world. Whether it is an individual being held captive and molested, or it is a group of people.


This picture brings out the seriousness of this human right. The dark colours create a feeling that gets the message of the picture to reach in. An example of a violation on this human right is the story of Nadia, a 22 year old woman from Iraq. She, with several others, was captured by IS soldiers. She was raped and molested several times a day. This is a serious breach of one of Nadia's rights, and she is definitely not the only one. 30 million people are living as forced laborers, forced prostitutes, child soldiers and child brides in forced marriages.




Sources: 
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Human_rights&oldid=698457356


Environment and Natural Resource Security

The biggest challenge to Earth is to achieve inclusive economic growth while combating climate change and other natural resource challenges. Increasing levels of greenhouse gases, environmental degradation and natural resource depletion are some of the most significant risks to achieving sustainable growth. The level of gas emissions have increased significantly since the Industrial Revolution. Carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere has risen by a third. Humans release approximately 6 Gt of carbon to the atmosphere each year. Three of these are absorbed out of the atmosphere while three remains. The world needs action now! As Obama said, "We are the first generation to feel the effect of climate change and the last generation who can do something about it."



Last year, NRK launched a program called “Oppdrag Nansen” witch is translated to Mission Artic. The program was about four 12 and 13 years old who conducted an expedition in the Arctic. They met climatologists and made shocking discoveries. Their job was to spread the message about the consequences of the climate change we are creating. They even got to participate in the climate change conference in Paris along with some of the world’s powerful politicians. Their message got through and a climate deal was enacted.


The pollution is most prominent in big cities like Beijing, Moscow and Delhi. Other affected places are India, China, Brazil, Japan, Indonesia and the United States. The climate changes are noticeable worldwide. The poles, deserts, rainforests, oceans so on. Every day we extinct hundreds of species due to the timber logging in the rainforests. Humans leave footprints everywhere in the nature.



So what are possible solutions?
- More engagement and support to the UN and the French government at the climate conference in Paris
- Integrate the climate risks into the financial system
- Reduce methane and gas flaring, making carbon instruments, cleaner gas and other long-term solutions
- Creating a coalition of over 40 companies exploring ways to reduce emissions and improve resource/energy efficiency
- Make children and youth aware of the climate change
- Electric cars, biofuels and using public transport


Projects working for a better climate:
Global Water Initiative’s goal is to mobilize new collaboration to invest in innovative urban water and wastewater design in developing countries, especially fast-growing cities.

Circular Economy’s goal is to eliminate waste of plastic, reuse paper and build machines that secretes important and usable materials.

Tropical Forest Alliance 2020’s goal is to achieve zero net tropical deforestation by 2020 and reduce tropical deforestation that produces palm oil, paper and pulp, soy and beef. 

You can see my presentation here!


The Migrant

I could not remember anything about the voyage,

My country of origin, or if someone had paid for the passage:

Of such I had no recollection.


I was sure only that I had traveled;

Without doubt had been made welcome.

For a while I believed I was home,

Rooted and securely settled,
Until it was broken to me
That in fact I was merely in transit
Bound for some other destination,
Committed to continue elsewhere.

This slow realisation sharpened,

I formed plans to postpone my departure
Not observing my movement en route to the exit.

Eventually facing the inescapable

I began reading travel brochures,
(Gaudy, competitive, plentiful)
Spent time considering the onward journey,
Studied a new language,Stuffed my bosom with strange currency,
Nevertheless dreading the boarding announcements.

They watch me go through

The gate for Embarking Passengers Only,
Fearful and unutterably lonely,
Finger their own documents,
Shuffle forward in the queue.

fredag 26. februar 2016

Exam Task, part 1

1b) If I could suggest an English-language medium the ROC could use to promote their campaign for cheaper Olympics worldwide, I would suggest to use the newscast. Many, especially adults and elders, watch the newscast. The newspaper is not that popular anymore, because more people choose to watch the news on TV. Photos, videos, audio and text make it easier for us to understand and remember. Radio and newspaper however, have only one or a few of these aids. Commercials and advertisement are examples that have an impact on us because they provides the necessary funds. Viewers get a vivid image with sound that catches our attention.Things you say on the internet tend not to be taken as seriously, if you do not have a high number of followers, compared to TV where people feel a bigger impact when they see it on the television.  

1a) This text is definitely formal, it is meant to be a letter to the world and especially to the International Olympic Committee about changing the direction the Olympics are heading towards. The text does not use informal words and seems to be directed to adults.
In the sentence “These games in Russia are part of a terrible trend sliding inexorably towards greed, overindulgence, capitalistic commercial interests and nationalistic narcissism”, they could have simply written “These games in Russia are a part of a terrible trend”, but they added adjectives to further amplify their point, making use of amplification. There is use of analogies to, comparing a “overindulgence path is the path to ruin” with the olympic games heading for inevitable derailment. There is seemingly quite a bit of rhetoric behind the text seen as it is trying to persuade the reader to their point. There are many language features such as verbs and adjectives to make their point, another feature they use is a formal voice that seemingly has an opinion but does not say “I think” or other opinionated words.

onsdag 13. januar 2016

Spot Checks and Tasks

Spot Checks

a) Migrants are people who  live in another country that the one they were born in. In year 2000 there were 175 million international migrants in the world. In 2013  there were 232 million and 154 million in 1990. These figures show that the number of migrants has risen significantly over the last two decades. I think that these numbers will continue to rise.


b) Some important reasons for the high number of migrants are war, education abroad, work and a better future. War forces many to leave their country because of 
food shortages  and dangerous circumstances. Studying abroad is very popular. More and more people are working abroad and have to move to where the job are. Some migrants just want to ensure their future.

c) 13555 Norwegian students studied abroad in 2010.

d) The UK is a preferred place to study for Norwegians because of top-level universities and it is only a 90 minute flight back home to Norway.

e) Positive effects of Europe’s high degree of mobility workers: Workers can go to where their jobs are, contribute with their labour and support their families. 

Negative effects: domestic workforces can also feel threatened by a heavy influx of foreign workers, who may be willing to work for lower wages. Some local workers complain about not being able to get job, and self-employed people complain about having to drop their prices, which is threatening their livelyhoods.



In 2014 there were 17 000 norwegian students studying abroad.





 Tasks page 211

2a) The gender trend when it comes to Norwegians studying abroad is that there are more females then men going abroad. In 2010 there was a total of 13555 norwegian students studying abroad, thereof there were 5424 men and 8131 women. Regardless of which year we look at, we see that the number of women studying abroad is higher that the number of men. 

2b) 
- There was a dip in the number of Norwegian students studying abroad in 2009/2010
- The most sought country for Norwegians to study in is the UK
- Students study medicine in Hungary and Slovakia because of overflowing medicine studies in Norway.


3a) 
Text 1 is an objective text, which means that the Information is not affected by the writers emotions or the way he personally feel about the issue. The text includes only pure facts and tells it as it is. It is factual and has more like a nautral style. "Education has compounded the role of English"
Text 2 is an expressive text, which means that it is a personal text about feelings, experiences and memories of the writer of the text. "I really dig studying in English" The language isn't normally very formal. "Teaching is one of the best ways of learning! Really cool. Lol"



English-Norway's Second Language (or was it first?)

a)  Fredrik
b) Ann Kristin
c) Helen
d) Trine
e) Fredrik
f) Ann Kristin
g) Fredrik
h) Trine

i) Helen

onsdag 16. desember 2015

Social Media’s impact on society






There is no doubt that social media has great power, but how does it affect today’s society? I am going to elaborate positive and negative effects on this intensive mobile use. I am also going to talk about how social media has taken over our lives. Research shows that in average people check their phone 110 times a day. News, messages, music, games, calls, surfing, videos, pictures, articles and access to see what your friends are doing draws our attention, it has become a huge part of our lives and a large part of young people are more or less addicted. Whatever we do, our phone is with us.



Positive sides of social media


Enhances our connectivity

There are 2 billion social network users each month around the globe. Together we constitute a large network, all connected to each other through mutual friends and acquaintances. The internet has become our way to connect and create a community. We are reducing communication barriers and learning to get along with other cultures and religions. Another thing social media contributes with is building relationships and making new friends. You can meet people with the same interests as you or you can contact old friends you have not spoken with for years. There are countless dating sites where you can date people online.


A way of getting empathy

It has also become a way to empathize with each other. For instance when you lose someone you loved and post a eulogy on Facebook, people will comment and condolence. When the massacre on Utøya happened, news and affected wrote and posted on social media and people who did not even know the victims, showed so much empathy and sympathy.

 

 Voices can be heard and people can inspire each other

The internet is also a place where your voice can be heard, either through blogging, commenting on news, posting and sharing on Facebook and Twitter or writing directly to the person/persons you want to receive your message. Social media allows us to inspire each other. You can watch a girl from another country’s YouTube video and get inspired. Maybe she is dressing a certain way that you like or having a lifestyle that you want. Maybe you want to travel the world and find inspiration in someone who has done it already.


Find information and ask questions

The internet is also a great place to find information. Whether you are writing an article about dinosaurs or you want to know how far away Jupiter is. You can also ask questions and get answers. There are several forum pages where people can discuss and ask questions to both professionals and each other. If you are pregnant, for instance, there are forums for pregnant women where they discuss and asks each other questions. If you are sick or having weird symptoms, you can ask a doctor online what you are suffering from and what you can do to feel better. If you are interested in the ocean, you can find almost all the information there is to find about the ocean, on the internet.


Entertainment

A huge part of social media includes entertainment. Surfing, scrolling through Instagram photos, watching Youtube videos, playing games and chatting with friends are all things I find myself doing when I am bored, waiting for something/someone or just want to avoid certain situations.  I do not think I only speak for myself when I say that I have a tendency to use social media as an excuse to avoid uncomfortable conversations and situations I don’t want to take part in. When I am sitting on the bus, on my way home from school and I am tired and exhausted, I usually pick up my phone to listen to music. We have access to entertainment via our smartphones and computers, wherever we are, whenever we want.


In touch with the world

Almost all kinds of business happens over the internet, shopping online is getting more and more popular and communication between countries happens through the internet. Social media enhances our connectivity. Many would say that we are getting in touch with the world.




Negative sides of social media



Loneliness, isolation and depression

Even though there are many positive sides with social media, it is far from only good aspects; loneliness, isolation and depression are just some of the negative ones. People feel lonelier even though they are surrounded by people, because the social media has become some sort of a new reality for many. When we write a message to someone or post something, we expect responds and if we don’t get attention we feel lonely, just like in the real world, if you feel that nobody cares or gives you attention, you feel lonely. Let’s say you post something you are proud of on Facebook, then you go to your feed and leave friendly comments and like others pictures and updates, you also send a few messages to your closest friends. It is getting late so you go to bed, but you have this inner turmoil, you need to check Facebook one last time. You log in and expect replies and comments on your recent post, but all you meet is an empty notification and an empty inbox. You get dissatisfied. You get irritated. No one is around to talk to you, and you feel… lonely. It has become an obsession because we are always checking the news feed, recent messages, missed calls, forecast, the latest music, celebrity world, likes on photos and videos, what your friends are doing and so on. Social networking platforms like Facebook, Twitter, Snapchat, Instagram, Youtube and Tumblr draws our interest and can keep our attention for long periods.

“Social media is addictive precisely because it gives us something which the real world lacks: it gives us immediacy, direction, and value as an individual.”
- David Amerland (“15 inspiring social media quotes,” 01:54:27 UTC)


People compare their life with others and get poor self esteem.

Talking about liking and commenting on your friend’s posts, people have a bad habit of comparing their own lives with others. People want to show off their best side, which means that they only share the most beautiful photos, funniest videos and exiting stories. After logging off social media, many feel that their life is boring and sad compared to others, but even though friends and strangers has an impact on us, fashion world has most of the influence on today’s society. Models, style icons and celebrities have long, thick and healthy hair, flawless skin and thin and toned bodies. This is an example of proliferation of misinformation even though the opposite is proved. We make ourselves believe that this is real, even though we all know the photos is photo-shopped and edited. Why is that? Probably because we are surrounded by it all the time and it has become a new reality for us. Peoples’ self-esteem is weakened and countless young girls are really struggling. Regardless of this, these celebrities are role models for countless young people nowadays and their fanbase need to know every single detail about them. Did Beyoncé take plastic surgery? Who is Justin Biebers new girlfriend? Is Kim Kardashian pregnant? Their lives are definitely not private, because everything they do gets published and shared with the entire human race. They are like a book without a locker and everyone who would like to can read it. This allows the population to make conclusions about them without knowing them in real life. Many of these conclusions are rumours or misinterpreted situations.


Cyber bullying

Speaking about rumours. Cyber bullying has become a major problem around the world. Cases of appearance bullying and made up stories are numerous. Approximately 80% thinks that online bullying is easier to get away with than bullying in person. About 43% of kids and teenagers has been bullied, and nearly 4500 are committing suicide because of it, per year! This is a serious problem and can seriously undermine a person’s life.


Personal lives are more public

Social networking sites encourage people to be more public about their personal lives, because intimate details of our lives can be posted so easily. Name, date of birth, where you live, where you come from, personal details and other things that refers to a person's identity is published in several social media and the information can be retrieved from the entire world's population. This exposes especially children to online predators. Men, mostly, are taking advantages of young teenagers and children who doesn’t have netiquette.


Encouraging poor grammar and spelling

Social media are encouraging poor grammar and spelling. Are you writing an article in school, you make sure that the grammar is right and that you have remembered uppercase and lowercase letters. After school, however, it is much faster to write shorter sentences with abbreviations and slang. This becomes a bad habit as young children grow and develop their writing skills, their writing at school are influenced by bad writing outside of school.


Multitasking

Our obsession about social media leads us to multitask. Even though the internet has become some sort of a new reality, we still have things to do in real life. For example, you are having a conversation with someone on the phone, you are listening to music and you are thinking about what you are going to eat for dinner today, all this while you are driving a car. Research has shown that our brains don’t have the capacity to fully focus our attention on two things at once. Multitasking hinders information processing and productivity.




My opinion and conclusion


I think that social media has its benefits. I use it every day, but I am not abusing it. I try not to spend too much time on my electronics, but I find it hard sometimes when my friends in the USA are calling me on Skype eleven pm and my phone in blinking constantly because I’m a member in several group chats. It is rare that I cannot find answer to my questions on the internet, I find a lot of information and facts on pages like Wikipedia. If not, I just ask friends and family on Facebook. Social media allows me to keep in touch with people I live far away from and haven’t seen in a long time. For example, I keep in touch with several of my second cousins ​​and third cousins ​​from Oslo and Stavanger. I am also having conversations with people I met on Mathilde expedition, 3 years ago. My aunt just moved to Lofoten so now I can keep in touch with her ​​also through social media. I can’t ignore that social media has had an impact on my self esteem sometimes, nut  I don’t think that I have any bad experiences with social media, because my parents learned me netiquette and how to behave online from an early stage. I do know people who abuse social media and have gotten problems because of it, though. Young people need to learn how to use social media correctly, how else will they know what is right and what is wrong? And what is smart not share with everyone. Social media takes a huge part of our lives. We are available from the moment we open our eyes in the morning until we close them again at night. For many, the first and the last thing they do during the day, is checking their phone. I think social media is a good thing as long as we learn to use it wisely. 

mandag 9. november 2015

What have I learned so far?

I have learned that the Prime minister in the UK, David Cameron does not think there is an answer that can be achieved simply by taking in more and more refugees. He want to grab the root of the problem, which is in the homeland of the refugees. He will make sure there are worthwhile jobs and stronger economies in these countries. Yet has he suggested a target of 10,000 refugees being taken by the UK.




I have also learned the difference between refugees and economic migrants. Refugees are people who had to escape from their home country because they have suffered or feared. Race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion are typical reasons why. Economic migrants seek an improvement in living standards by immigrating to another region. This is often provided of living conditions or job opportunities.

Frontex is an agency of the European Union or a “filter”, to detect and stop illegal immigration, human trafficking and terrorist infiltration.


People trafficking is the trade of humans. Mostly used for sexual slavery, forced labor or commercial sexual exploitation for the trafficker or others. They are exposed for forced marriage and the extraction of organs. Human traffickers do also smuggle refugees across borders.