Pros and Cons of Human Migration

I am going to have a presentation about how people are traveling abroad to work and study and the pros and cons of the multiculturalism arising when people migrate. The number of migrants have never been higher than now. People choose to go abroad for many reasons. Some will study, some will work and others are just seeking shelter from war in their homeland.

Migrant – person who moves from one place to another. Sometimes part of a back-and-forth pattern, and sometimes to stay.

Immigrant – person who moves to another country to live permanently. Arrives in the country

Emigrant – person who leaves his/her country to live in another. Leaves the country

Human migration is the movement by people from one place to another with the intentions of settling temporarily or permanently in the new location. In 2015, 244 million people, or 3.3 per cent of the world's population, lived outside their country of origin. 8% of which is qualified as refugees. As mentioned before the reasons for migration are many. The most common reasons are war, work, study and the desire for a new life.

Work drags people over the borders. If you get a good job offer, it is hard to say no even if it is abroad. Education also drags people to other countries. People want to experience the world and I think that is a huge factor in why so many people go abroad, but there are so many reasons why people choose to travel to foreign countries.

Last year, Europe suffered a refugee crisis. Millions of refugees crossed into Europe in 2015, sparking a crisis as countries struggled to cope with the influx. The majority came from Syria. Thousands drowned on their way to the mainland, many of them were children. This is one of the negative sides of migration.

Positive aspects of migration are cheap labour, cultural diversity and population growth. Immigrants are often prepared to do unskilled jobs and some of them are highly skilled. Immigration also leads to a multicultural society. They bring their traditions and language to the country and it increases the tolerance and understanding of other cultures.

Negative aspects of migration are habituation issues, hate (racism) and jobs lost to incoming workers. Often when immigrants comes to a new county, they are struggling. They find adjustment to the new culture hard, but usually it only takes some time and help for them to feel comfortable. Another problem with migration is racism. Many (especially elders) has a problem with foreigners. For many reasons. Many also believe that the refugees only want to take advantage of the welfare state (especially in Norway).

As you probably have understood, there are both positive and negative aspects of migration. Personally, I find migration positive. It creates a multicultural society and provides understanding and respect for each other. We can learn new languages, cultures and traditions. 

You can take a look at my powerpoint Here!

This School Year

Having english this year has been educational. I have learned about different cultures and countries, global challenges, social media, english's position in todays society, past, present and future. I have also learned alot from the oral presentations we have had and the texts we have written. We have had a close look at different topics and gone into depths in certain themes. We have also spend som time working in groups. Sometimes I like working in groups and sometimes I don't. It depends on the task we have been given. Usually I like it, because then we can split the task between us and work with different pieces of it until it becomes a completed product. Another thing I like is that we are using blogs. I find it so much better than handing in tons of paper. And the fact that other students can read our post makes us do our work properly. I think that next year students should get the same opportunity. 

You can read more about pros and cons using blogs in class here!

Practical exercises

This was a very interesting challenge. I managed to complete all the tasks. I think that I found the correct answers and performed the right searches to find them. Finding information on the internet has become a huge part of our life and more and more people are getting better at searching for specific information. The internet has the answers to all your questions and it is a very useful source, if you know how to use it right. 



If you are interested you can have a closer look at how to search for specific information in this video. 

Tasks, page 251

1.
a) What do you think is the significance of the opening sentence of the story?
 I think that the significance of the opening sentence of the story "Sharing doesn't work" is:
The children are very quarrelsome and wild. There are more children than Carrie can handle, and she feels that she doesn't have control. She calls them "s shoal of piranhas" because they can't share and they fight all the time
b) Sum up in your own words the dilemma facing Carrie in her new life in India
Carries is working with orphans in India, and her new life is stressful. The children are full of energy and steals enery from her. At one point she doesn't know if she can take it any longer. She stands in the middle of a dilemma, should she do what she want and leave or should she do what is morally right do do and stay.
c) How does Carrie's approach to the children differ from Didi's? Why do you think this is?
Didi keeps things in order. She takes care of all the physical needs like feeding and bathing the children. She is there just fulfilling the first two steps on Maslow's hierarchy of needs, physiological needs and safety. Carrie on the other hand, cares about the children in a completely different way. She plays with them and give them love.
d) What point of view is the story written from, and what effect does this have on our understanding of what goes on?
The story is written in the third persons view. This means that the author knows everything about the characters. We see the story from the outside. The point of view are altered occasionally, but in this case we mostly see it from Carrie's perspecive.
e) What do you think is the significance of the last sentence of the story?
The last sentence "She can feel his stiff body waiting for something more, more than touch, more than she can give, but she cannot move" creates an open ending. Just when Carrie is making her decision, in the end of the story, something comes up and it makes us want to read more. The little boy wants something Carrie knows she can't give him, and it is a very difficult situation for her. 
f) What do you see as being the theme of the text? 
I think that the theme of the text can be several things. Courage, love, charity and compassion. 

http://access-internationalvg2.cappelendamm.no/c952829/sammendrag/vis.html?tid=982038

3.
a) "The kids surge forward like a shoal of piranhas" The children are not used to share, because they have never had someone to learn them. Piranhas are known to be greedy and here the children are compared to piranhas. 
b) "...she's battered ny noise..." Describing it this way makes it more real for the reader. Carrie is surrounded by noise and you really feel like it when you reed that sentence. 
c) "...the edges of the maelstrom..." When something is really close to collapse. In this case, Carrie. 
d) "The children dissolve in a squirming puddle..." Refering to the children this way makes us think about them in a negative way.
e) "In this part of town, buildings are pressed thin by other buildings, rooms are compressed to corridors" The author used personification. This makes it easier for the reader to imagine the surroundings. And it gives a scary image. 
f) "Sharp voices ricochet off the walls" She is surrounded by constant, sharp and loud noise.

Human Rights

2a

One important global challenge is human rights violations. The pictures below illustrate the ideas behind some of the articles in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which are given in the captions.

Choose any three of the pictures. Write a text in which you reflect on the importance of the human rights issues raised by the pictures you have chosen and discuss what the message of each picture is and how effectively it conveys this message.

Human rights are fundamental rights of every human being, regardless of race, gender, religion or other status. It is about the right to have a life; security, freedom from torture, right to privacy, protection against discrimination, freedom of religion, freedom of expression, the right to work, health and welfare are just some of the rights. Different parts of the world have different views on human rights. This means that some have several human rights while others have few. In this text, I will talk about three different types of human rights. The right of conscience, religion and freedom of thought, the right of education and the right to protection from slavery and servitude.

Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion. This means you have the freedom to change religion or belief and be able to express your culture privately and in public.

https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjl0zfTNPoiRbBw1TeKMins-WN99BmdHMiy2ND7YDdI9TzeAhgTLDzY3MI40syRcsT92BkQFY9Ry6KW0YOrKGYZOIVAb1oJR5hSLcgHWyv71Fou0anNRUcGUlHOST9skbRGtmKZIlxvJDg/s1600/kbjkb.jpg

This picture shows a group of people from Hong Kong demonstrating to support Edward Snowden, and demanding the government to let him go. Edward Snowden released many classified documents to show the people, when he worked for the NSA. The people in the picture have posters with words they want to convey. This is an example of the right to say what you stand for. The picture conveys its message, but I think it would have gained a greater impression if one saw more face expressions on the demonstrators.  

Everyone have their own thoughts and beliefs, but in some parts of the world it is punishable to say your what you stand for. In Singapore and Ukraine it is actually illegal to hold protests and demonstrations! In 2005 two young men from Iran, were hanged because they were gay, each year many, especially women, are stoned to death and many others are killed because they say or do something that goes against their ruler. These are all extreme breaches on the human rights, but luckily, there are several organisations and individuals working to put an end to it.

Everyone has the right to education; yet, millions do not get the opportunity to educate themselves. This results in poverty for many and it has become one of the largest battles in the world, especially for girls and women.

https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1vKOyI1koiOyobiUuylOwjmTgMY1-ODvrNuzUrVwEpI2o0avVnL1j1pIqRzL77IlZetq7OsMyREVq2e-MzZe_bWLs3yqDWJhlgE9aEY3EPEuN-M8rI7YLzotJjoW10hKmrpdliQzz2t0/s1600/kjljb.jpg

I will say that this image delivers its message. Children reading and writing are a normal sight for us, but for many the reality is that they do not have or get an education. Many can’t even read or write. The world would have been a better place if children got a stable education from early stages of their lifes. Like Malala said "the pen is mightier than the sword!" Large parts of the world are suffering from lack of education. The condition in Sub-Saharan Africa is critical, the numbers of children without education is higher than any other place.

No one shall be held in slavery or servitude. This is also a human right, and one of the big problems around the world. Whether it is an individual being held captive and molested, or it is a group of people.

https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEih0tX-5IquWlPSOk_IsNIDrcVq7GVJ6FjLr92QBBHXHYAG6SPTiMhhNqpiz0p2nDV3VSC1yFXpw2TR5CxKHvT3isNvh58eJ0XRgaLqKYlSWhnMvrWfkS2B3Fk1YkcuK5qn7K7pnwdgAg8/s1600/vjvjhv.jpg

This picture brings out the seriousness of this human right. The dark colours create a feeling that gets the message of the picture to reach in. An example of a violation on this human right is the story of Nadia, a 22 year old woman from Iraq. She, with several others, was captured by IS soldiers. She was raped and molested several times a day. This is a serious breach of one of Nadia's rights, and she is definitely not the only one. 30 million people are living as forced laborers, forced prostitutes, child soldiers and child brides in forced marriages.

Sources: 
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Human_rights&oldid=698457356

https://no.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Menneskerettigheter&oldid=15330561

http://www.vg.no/a/23604368

http://www.humanium.org/en/world/right-to-education/

http://www.dagbladet.no/magasinet/2006/06/20/469432.html

from http://snl.no/menneskerettigheter
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2013/10/17/this-map-shows-where-the-worlds-30-million-slaves-live-there-are-60000-in-the-u-s/

Environment and Natural Resource Security

The biggest challenge to Earth is to achieve inclusive economic growth while combating climate change and other natural resource challenges. Increasing levels of greenhouse gases, environmental degradation and natural resource depletion are some of the most significant risks to achieving sustainable growth. The level of gas emissions have increased significantly since the Industrial Revolution. Carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere has risen by a third. Humans release approximately 6 Gt of carbon to the atmosphere each year. Three of these are absorbed out of the atmosphere while three remains. The world needs action now! As Obama said, "We are the first generation to feel the effect of climate change and the last generation who can do something about it."

http://kcmenviro.co.za/services/

Last year, NRK launched a program called “Oppdrag Nansen” witch is translated to Mission Artic. The program was about four 12 and 13 years old who conducted an expedition in the Arctic. They met climatologists and made shocking discoveries. Their job was to spread the message about the consequences of the climate change we are creating. They even got to participate in the climate change conference in Paris along with some of the world’s powerful politicians. Their message got through and a climate deal was enacted.

The pollution is most prominent in big cities like Beijing, Moscow and Delhi. Other affected places are India, China, Brazil, Japan, Indonesia and the United States. The climate changes are noticeable worldwide. The poles, deserts, rainforests, oceans so on. Every day we extinct hundreds of species due to the timber logging in the rainforests. Humans leave footprints everywhere in the nature.

http://edition.cnn.com/2015/09/04/asia/china-beijing-blue-sky-disappears-after-military-parade/

So what are possible solutions?

- More engagement and support to the UN and the French government at the climate conference in Paris

- Integrate the climate risks into the financial system

- Reduce methane and gas flaring, making carbon instruments, cleaner gas and other long-term solutions

- Creating a coalition of over 40 companies exploring ways to reduce emissions and improve resource/energy efficiency

- Make children and youth aware of the climate change

- Electric cars, biofuels and using public transport

Projects working for a better climate:

Global Water Initiative’s goal is to mobilize new collaboration to invest in innovative urban water and wastewater design in developing countries, especially fast-growing cities.

Circular Economy’s goal is to eliminate waste of plastic, reuse paper and build machines that secretes important and usable materials.

Tropical Forest Alliance 2020’s goal is to achieve zero net tropical deforestation by 2020 and reduce tropical deforestation that produces palm oil, paper and pulp, soy and beef. 

You can see my presentation here!

The Migrant

I could not remember anything about the voyage,

My country of origin, or if someone had paid for the passage:

Of such I had no recollection.

I was sure only that I had traveled;
Without doubt had been made welcome.

For a while I believed I was home,
Rooted and securely settled,
Until it was broken to me
That in fact I was merely in transit
Bound for some other destination,
Committed to continue elsewhere.

This slow realisation sharpened,
I formed plans to postpone my departure
Not observing my movement en route to the exit.

Eventually facing the inescapable
I began reading travel brochures,
(Gaudy, competitive, plentiful)
Spent time considering the onward journey,
Studied a new language,Stuffed my bosom with strange currency,
Nevertheless dreading the boarding announcements.

They watch me go through
The gate for Embarking Passengers Only,
Fearful and unutterably lonely,
Finger their own documents,
Shuffle forward in the queue.

Exam Task, part 1

1b) If I could suggest an English-language medium the ROC could use to promote their campaign for cheaper Olympics worldwide, I would suggest to use the newscast. Many, especially adults and elders, watch the newscast. The newspaper is not that popular anymore, because more people choose to watch the news on TV. Photos, videos, audio and text make it easier for us to understand and remember. Radio and newspaper however, have only one or a few of these aids. Commercials and advertisement are examples that have an impact on us because they provides the necessary funds. Viewers get a vivid image with sound that catches our attention.Things you say on the internet tend not to be taken as seriously, if you do not have a high number of followers, compared to TV where people feel a bigger impact when they see it on the television.  

1a) This text is definitely formal, it is meant to be a letter to the world and especially to the International Olympic Committee about changing the direction the Olympics are heading towards. The text does not use informal words and seems to be directed to adults.

In the sentence “These games in Russia are part of a terrible trend sliding inexorably towards greed, overindulgence, capitalistic commercial interests and nationalistic narcissism”, they could have simply written “These games in Russia are a part of a terrible trend”, but they added adjectives to further amplify their point, making use of amplification. There is use of analogies to, comparing a “overindulgence path is the path to ruin” with the olympic games heading for inevitable derailment. There is seemingly quite a bit of rhetoric behind the text seen as it is trying to persuade the reader to their point. There are many language features such as verbs and adjectives to make their point, another feature they use is a formal voice that seemingly has an opinion but does not say “I think” or other opinionated words.

Spot Checks and Tasks

Spot Checks

a) Migrants are people who  live in another country that the one they were born in. In year 2000 there were 175 million international migrants in the world. In 2013  there were 232 million and 154 million in 1990. These figures show that the number of migrants has risen significantly over the last two decades. I think that these numbers will continue to rise.

b) Some important reasons for the high number of migrants are war, education abroad, work and a better future. War forces many to leave their country because of 

food shortages  and dangerous circumstances. Studying abroad is very popular. More and more people are working abroad and have to move to where the job are. Some migrants just want to ensure their future.

c) 13555 Norwegian students studied abroad in 2010.

d) The UK is a preferred place to study for Norwegians because of top-level universities and it is only a 90 minute flight back home to Norway.

e) Positive effects of Europe’s high degree of mobility workers: Workers can go to where their jobs are, contribute with their labour and support their families. 

Negative effects: domestic workforces can also feel threatened by a heavy influx of foreign workers, who may be willing to work for lower wages. Some local workers complain about not being able to get job, and self-employed people complain about having to drop their prices, which is threatening their livelyhoods.

In 2014 there were 17 000 norwegian students studying abroad.

http://www.ssb.no/en/utdanning/statistikker/utuvh/aar/2015-05-04

 Tasks page 211

2a) The gender trend when it comes to Norwegians studying abroad is that there are more females then men going abroad. In 2010 there was a total of 13555 norwegian students studying abroad, thereof there were 5424 men and 8131 women. Regardless of which year we look at, we see that the number of women studying abroad is higher that the number of men. 

2b) 

- There was a dip in the number of Norwegian students studying abroad in 2009/2010

- The most sought country for Norwegians to study in is the UK

- Students study medicine in Hungary and Slovakia because of overflowing medicine studies in Norway.

3a) 

Text 1 is an objective text, which means that the Information is not affected by the writers emotions or the way he personally feel about the issue. The text includes only pure facts and tells it as it is. It is factual and has more like a nautral style. "Education has compounded the role of English"

Text 2 is an expressive text, which means that it is a personal text about feelings, experiences and memories of the writer of the text. "I really dig studying in English" The language isn't normally very formal. "Teaching is one of the best ways of learning! Really cool. Lol"

English-Norway's Second Language (or was it first?)

a)  Fredrik

b) Ann Kristin

c) Helen

d) Trine

e) Fredrik

f) Ann Kristin

g) Fredrik

h) Trine

i) Helen